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CNC machine tool is a kind of automatic machine tool equipped with a program control system, it is the abbreviation of digital control machine tool. The control system can process the program with control code or other symbolic instructions logically and decode it, so that the machine tool can move and process parts.

CNC machine tools are usually composed of control system, servo system, detection system, mechanical transmission system and other auxiliary systems. The control system is used for the operation, management and control of CNC machine tools. The data is obtained through the input medium, and the data is interpreted and calculated and acted on the machine tools. The servo system drives the machine according to the instructions of the control system, so that the cutting tools and parts perform the movements specified by the numerical control code. The detection system is used to detect the displacement and speed change of the machine tool implementation parts (worktable, turntable, skateboard, etc.), and feedback the detection results to the input end, and the input instructions are compared, according to the difference adjustment machine movement; The machine tool drive system is a mechanical feed drive device between the feed servo drive components and the machine tool actuators. There are many kinds of auxiliary systems, such as: automatic tool change (can exchange the specified tool, transmission clearance compensation of mechanical transmission system gap error), fixed cycle (can carry out a variety of repeated processing) and so on.

The control unit of CNC machine tool is very important, among them, the operation and monitoring of CNC machine tool are all completed in this CNC unit, it is the brain of CNC machine tool. Compared with ordinary machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics:

1, the machine tool itself has high accuracy, high rigidity, can choose the favorable processing amount, high productivity (generally 3-5 times of the ordinary machine tool);

2. The machine tool has a high degree of automation, which can reduce labor intensity.

3. High processing accuracy and stable processing quality;

4, can carry out multi-coordinate linkage, can process complex shapes of parts;

5, machining parts change, generally only need to change the numerical control program, can save production preparation time;